• Individuals: Potentially face up to 20 years in prison and fines of up to $1 million.

• Corporations: Could face fines of up to $100 million. 

The rationale behind these measures is concerns over national security and data privacy related to Chinese AI and its potential use for surveillance or intelligence gathering. 

It's important to note that this is proposed legislation, and its future is uncertain. Some argue the penalties are severe and could have unintended consequences for researchers and businesses that rely on global AI models.